Examining Pseudo Secularism: Myths and Realities

Pseudo secularism, as the name suggests, is the false implementation of a secular system over a sovereign state. A country will appear or claim to be secular, in theory, and in most cases, countries will have secularism as a tenant inscribed in their constitution. 

However, the implementation of this secularism only exists in writing. In practice, the government, its institutions and various practices will not only be influenced by a particular religion but also be characterized by the favouritism and dominion of a particular religion over others.

The Reality of Pseudo Secularism 

Pseudo secularism, as explained above, is the deviation of the applied nature of a country's relationship with a particular religion in contrast to its constitutional claims. Often, it results from a majority religion in a country that is otherwise meant to be religiously and ethnically diverse. This pretence of religious neutrality often has long-lasting negative impacts.

More often than not the discussion around pseudo secularism lies around the need for appeasement of a religious group for political gain. As most secular states are democracies with elected officials, some in power seek to appeal to the religious majority. This is part of the reason why pseudo secularism often sprouts where identity politics is rife. 

As a result, rhetoric against a certain religion often becomes persistent. An us versus them mentality is adopted, and many times, political figures seek endorsement from particular religious factions.

Pseudo Secularism in India 

India is often quoted as being the largest democracy in the world. However, it has been somewhat of an open secret that religion in India is a very sensitive topic. Despite being a majority Hindu state, India has adopted secularism, with many religions being recognized.

However, there has been a lot of politicization of religion in India, particularly among older voters. With identity politics taking center stage and the rise of groups such as the BJP-associated Hindutva movement, secularism in India has been questioned in recent times.

As Hindutva, in simple terms, calls for cultural and religious hegemony, its ties to the governing party make true secularism incredibly difficult, if not impossible, to coexist. This has translated into the daily lives of religious minorities, particularly Muslims, who feel despite being free to practice their religions, they do not live in true secularism.

The Impacts of Pseudo Secularism 

Pseudo secularism is a net negative for any society it becomes associated with. It infringes on many of the democratic values and freedoms of the individual as well as society that have come to define the core of modern-day ethical beliefs. The following are some of the impacts of pseudo-secularism in our communities.

Pseudo secularism leads to political and religious polarisation. Much of the twenty-first century has been characterized by poignant divisiveness and an overall lack of tolerance for each other. The meddling of state and religious affairs makes it even more polarised. This can, at times, manifest as sectarian conflicts. In recent times, several places in India have experienced conflicts along religious lines, and this is in no small part due to pseudo secularism.

Another impact of great detriment is the erosion of democracy. However, democracy is often characterized by the existence of free and fair elections, and using this as the only criterion is, in many ways, insufficient. True democracy takes into account the freedoms, liberties, and equality of the entire population. Pseudo secularism, by definition, trumps this thought. Left unchecked pseudo, secularism can lead to the redefinition of a country's democracy where people based on their religions become socially stratified.

ALSO READ: Understanding the Philosophy of Secularism: Principles and Impact

Conclusion 

In conclusion, pseudo secularism undermines the true essence of secularism, which is rooted in impartiality, equality, and the separation of religion from state affairs. By selectively favouring certain religious groups for political or social gain, it fosters division, erodes trust in governance, and compromises democratic values. 

Recognizing the difference between genuine secularism and pseudo secular practices is essential for promoting inclusivity, fairness, and social harmony. Only by adhering to the principles of true secularism, equal treatment of all faiths, and a commitment to neutrality can societies ensure that religion serves as a bridge for unity rather than a tool for manipulation.

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